The Slow Erosion of Google Search

by Joshua Porter  |   April 10th, 2009  |  shortlink: http://bokardo.com/p/1041

Editor’s Note: this is a guessay, a portmanteau of the words “guess” and “essay”, which means that I’m officially making this stuff up.

I remember it very clearly. Four of us were getting together for breakfast last year at SXSW. We were waiting for a cab, and we started sharing our Twitter stories.

Each of us had one…mine was that I had used Twitter to find a room to share. Someone else had used it to find a ride from Dallas to Austin. Yet someone else had used Twitter to plan this very breakfast. We had used Twitter in ways that it was never imagined to be used, getting real value from it.

It was at that point that I started to think about Twitter as something other than a fun little SMS tool. It had real use, and the ability to shoot messages out to a larger audience was extremely valuable. I also started to wonder if Twitter might be the game-changer that finally put some heat on Google…the favorite conjecture of recent times is “Who is the next Google killer?”.

Well, I think I figured out how Google will be “killed”. Or, more precisely, their dominance will be eroded by Twitter and Facebook.

First off, Google won’t be beaten in search. That’s clear. They have the best, most capable search team on the planet. It is where most of their R&D goes, it’s where the best and brightest search wizards go, it is their bread & butter. Brynn Evans wrote an insightful piece in which she explained why social search won’t topple Google anytime soon, explaining how social search doesn’t have nearly the depth of traditional search. I think Brynn is right: the depth of the web-wide search will never be replicated by social search.

But traditional search isn’t the game going forward. The game is attention. And the attention game is becoming dominated by two players: Twitter and Facebook. That two-pronged sword will eventually be Google’s undoing.

One side is that Twitter will erode real-time searches. As Brynn explains, Twitter can’t compete in the broad search game, but the fact that people are always on Twitter means that’s where they’ll start. Instead of starting at Google, they’ll start at Twitter. So the question is: how many searches are real-time searches? 10%? 20% 30%? It’s very hard to know, but whatever percent it is is a threat to Google. And in a game where Google focuses on the tiniest design advantage to eke out another .001%, even 10% of searches being real-time searches is enormous.

The other side is Facebook. Facebook won’t compete with Google in search either, but they’ll compete hard with them in advertising because they have enormous engagement. They have enormous attention. Facebook is slowly improving their advertising and eventually they’ll hit a threshold in which it will start to really work. At that point advertisers, not searchers, will turn their attention to Facebook first. Then Google will be in real trouble…because advertisers are the folks who pay Google money.

So Google will be feeling it from both sides…Twitter (and Facebook) will erode real-time search. Facebook (and Twitter) will erode advertisers.

Thus the real problem for Google is attention. People are increasingly giving their attention to Twitter, Facebook, and other social software, and thus (indirectly) giving it less to Google. Also notice that services have traditionally been happy to give Google their search traffic, but neither Twitter nor Facebook are doing that.

So while Google continues to increase its search market share, and folks look at that and say “Google is only getting better”, what they don’t necessarily see is how much the social sites are sucking up more attention. And eventually that attention will be so strong that Google will begin to suffer.

Advertisers will probably still use Google for a long time. But where will they go first? They’ll go first to where there is the most attention, and I think social networks will eventually claim that lead.

Also, Google is competing in the social space. They’ve rolled out tools that let site owners put avatar widgets on their sites, but so far I haven’t seen anything that Twitter or Facebook should be afraid of. Perhaps Kevin Marks can school me on what they’re doing there, but it hasn’t seemed compelling as of yet. It still feels like a bunch of engineers got together and hacked something up. If Google wants to really enter the social space, they either need to buy their way into it or really light a fire under their social software projects. This is the classic innovator’s dilemma…Google is so good at search that their first inclination is to keep their resources focused there.

So in conclusion I see Google’s dominance being eroded by the social networks. It won’t be a direct assault on search, just as Google didn’t directly assault Microsoft by trying to build a better OS or a better Office suite. It will be a direct assault on attention. You don’t kill the incumbent at their own game. You change the game, and then beat them at that one.

Further reading: Mark Cuban: How Twitter and Facebook now compete with Google

Update: The June 2009 Comcast numbers suggest there may be some weight to this idea…Craigslist and Facebook had larger share gains that the so-called “regular” search engines. Read more: Who’s Really Winning the Search Race?

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Comments

1.  Jeff L 6:17am, Fri 10th, 2009

Good article, Josh.

You do tend to see a lot of “lazyweb” searches on Twitter, and I’ve certainly been guilty myself. I think it’s got something to do with the source of the info as well.

On Google, I know I’ll be able to find what I’m looking for, but it’ll take me a few minutes perhaps to go through a few search results, and find the one that seems like it has the best info.

On Twitter, I can throw out a question, and I already know the sources that provide answers. I already know if I should trust them or not (and generally, I do, or I likely wouldn’t be following them).

I think the combination of ‘real-time’ along with that feeling of ‘I trust the source of this info’ makes a compelling case for asking something on Twitter that you could probably answer even quicker using Google.

2.  Julien 6:17am, Fri 10th, 2009

Best sci-fi short story I read this week :-)

But no tech company is everlasting. Who would have believed that Microsoft would loose so much power that we don’t even bother to talk about how they will die anymore?

Google has many ways to loose — and just one to win?

3.  Josh 6:26am, Fri 10th, 2009

@Jeff, great point about trusted sources…we almost never know who is on the other end of a Google search result, but we often know who is on the end of a Twitter search.

I also think the questions are different in some ways…like you can’t really ask Google for advice, but Twitter you can.

4.  mike 6:39am, Fri 10th, 2009

google vs. social media is the difference between reference, and referral.

google is a reference, and to find accurate info relies on you being able to boil down what you’re looking for to a very small amount of words that hold lots of meaning.

there is no other context – it’s like looking something up in the dictionary. unless you can already succinctly describe what you’re looking for in very few distinctive terms, you won’t find what you need.

social media adds incredibly value context to your search – from your ability to elaborate more (within reason) to being able to disambiguate terms.

even your relationships themselves add infinitely valuable context – your contacts know what you do for a living, the techniques or technologies you use, and might already have experience solving the same problems.

5.  Peter R. Wood 9:07am, Fri 10th, 2009

Like Jeff, I go to Twitter when I want answers from trusted contacts. For example, when I ask “What wireless router do you use at home?” I do so because I want to know what my friends are using. On the other hand, I wouldn’t go to Twitter to ask a question that dealt with a matter of fact, such as “How many ports does XYZ router have?” or “What’s the cheapest place to find XYZ router?” Those are questions that can more easily and accurately be answered by Googling for the specific product information. That being said, once I had decided on a router to buy, I might ask on Twitter, “Anyone have a coupon code for XYZ retail outlet?”

Not that everything on Google is factual, but you can be fairly certain that if you find a manufacturer’s webpage on Google, they’ll have correct information about their own products. And sure, people on Twitter might be willing to go and do the dirty work of digging up facts for you, but I don’t see any need to task my already-busy peers with mundane research tasks.

So to sum up, for me:
Twitter for matters of personal opinion
Google for matters of fact

6.  Peter R. Wood 2:15pm, Fri 10th, 2009

Had one other thought. Occasionally I will make a judgment to ask a factual question on Twitter based on these criteria:

If I predict that finding the answer on Google will be frustrating and time consuming, and I believe that my followers are knowledgeable enough on the subject to respond off the top of their heads, then I may make the decision to ask. But I have to be very confident that the Twitter answer will come much more quickly than the Google answer.

This rarely happens.

7.  Jay Fienberg 6:36pm, Fri 10th, 2009

I like the way you are using “attention” in your post, and I think it’s worth noting that this isn’t the big-A “Attention” that some folks used to be so excited about with blogs and RSS and ranking and advertising. This is much more simple:

People have Twitter and/or Facebook already open, in front of them, when they need to get info or direction.

So, another way to say it is: the real problem for Google is that they are less and less people’s default “home page.” That puts Google a couple clicks–which are too many, away from fulfilling people’s impulses (both in terms of fulfilling their searches for information, and in terms of temping their desires with advertising).

Further, echoing the comments from Jeff and Josh above–it’s not just Twitter or Facebook as “information services” that are right in front of us, but it’s our friends and peers and other people who can give us smart and personalized responses to our needs without us having to carefully articulate them.

From our friends, we not only can get specific information in response to specific requests (which is most similar to what we migh get out of a search engine), but we can get direction towards the things we want to find, but aren’t necessarily able to describe in general terms!

8.  Diddit Paul 9:48am, Sat 11th, 2009

By this argument, isn’t _everything_ competing against google?

9.  Andy Breeden 10:15am, Sat 11th, 2009

Yes, but…

Google is putting a lot into their browser, Chrome. If it gets traction, then they’ll have our attention regardless of our “social home page.”

- Andy

10.  Breck 11:57am, Sat 11th, 2009

I agree that Twitter Search is a threat to Google. Not sure what percentages of searches are real time, but I rely on Twitter Search a few times a week now.

However, Facebook doesn’t pose much of a threat to Adwords.

Advertisers do not go to “where there is the most attention” first. They go to where there is the most valuable attention first. Think of People Magazine versus the Yellow Pages. People magazine gets a lot of attention but the Yellow Pages is still a multi-billion dollar business.

I recommend spending a few hundred thousand dollars on Google Adwords and Facebook ads and compare the results. You will get 100x+ times more value for the same spend on the former.

As a business, getting someone’s attention when they are about to buy is much, much, much better than just getting their attention when they are specifically not looking to buy something.

Attention is nearly worthless. Of course, when you have the volume that Facebook has worthless adds up, but I would rather own a search engine with 1% of Facebook’s volume than Facebook (if money is my objective).

Of course, Facebook has done an amazing job over the last few years. I am quite impressed by how well the leadership has executed. But I don’t seem them as much of a threat to Adwords at this point.

11.  Clem 6:45pm, Sat 11th, 2009

As a reference librarian I can tell you there is a lot of information-seeking research to support this POV. See: Impact of low skill levels on information-seeking behavior by Melissa Gross. People want info from social sources, not good sources and will satisfice as a result. The interesting thing is that the more people who use Google, the more its product becomes a “reference authority” and less like a friend. However, that doesn’t change the fact that twitter is much like the “paying attention to the cool kids” activity in high school. The technology is trivial, the social grounding of the activity is not; and besides, there’s no end to collective, self-reinforcing ignorance; viz religion, fashion, global warming, etc.

12.  Seth Finkelstein 12:50am, Mon 13th, 2009

The difference: Google works for everyone, the great masses of The Long Tail

Twitter only works for those high-up enough on the Power Law Curve to HAVE a bunch of followers, which is a very tiny (but noisy) section of the population.

13.  Eugene Foolstak 1:28am, Mon 13th, 2009

“The game is attention”

Spoken like a true web designer, that is, someone who doesn’t understand that in this world the game is not attention, but money, or rather a business model, something that neither Twitter nor Facebook have (yes yes Facebook has a revenue stream, but it is not yet profitable, and there is no plan to make it profitable, in other words, it does not have a business model).

People simply do not learn from history. Think of all the hot internet brands over the last 10 years or so that were claimed to have culture-changing impact when they were in the news. A couple come to mind: Napster, Webvan, Kozmo. These brands were hot if not hotter than Facebook and Twitter. But their problem was that there was no business behind the brand. They eventually failed in spectacular fashion, although Napster is still around as a brand, but a mere shadow of its former self.

But what do I know. Facebook and Twitter could develop business models, and succeed in becoming not just popular but profitable. You never know. But what we do know is that, in their current state, they end up like Webvan or Kozmo and will be gone in 10 years, or like Napster, be pale versions of their former selves.

I hope they come up with something big, develop brilliant business models and prove me wrong. But my money’s on history.

14.  vanderwal 11:11am, Tue 14th, 2009

I deeply disagree that attention is relevant. While Google may not be as many people’s home page it is in the browser chrome in many people’s browser and that is increasingly how it is accesses.

Now looking at the discussed tie-up between Twitter and Google it is clear to see Google grasps the idea of ease of reach for people searching is more important than destination attention. Many large services have ‘search within the site or search the web’ with the both services being run on Google search.

Another telling note that attention is the wrong focal point is how I increasingly hear, from non-early adopters that they find searching Google for twitter items is far more useful than Twitter search.

There is a difference in the contexts of the two in an ask & retrieve mode. Which to use is at times depends the immediate environmental context (am I on a social tool w/ velocity and trusted experience).

I can also easily see a blended model of ask and retrieve, with social context on the retrieve, just as Yahoo! did with MyWeb2 at one point and inside the firewall tools like Connectbeam do now.

15.  Alex Schleber 8:57pm, Fri 17th, 2009

I tend to agree with your “guess” here, and would add that the continual gaming of Google via SEO, and Google counter-acting this to some extent with semi-arbitrary authority preferences, make the page 1 listings increasingly predictable and often pointless. Google’s authority model also collides with true recency almost by definition.

One unknown in the equation is whether Twitter can withstand the mainstream onslaught stability-wise, and whether recent rumblings about them agreeing to open up the timeline firehose to Google are true. If they did the latter, I’d rate it a colossal mistake unless they are getting a sweetheart deal.

If I were Twitter, I’d make Google buy me if they really wanted Real-Time Web search.

16.  Claire 4:11am, Thu 30th, 2009

I think Google will always be the winner as a Search Engine, it may not get the most attention, but it will always be the place everyone goes back to to find out factual information and compare, and therefore is a winner in its own right.

17.  Ian 5:53pm, Thu 30th, 2009

Well google will buy out twitter.It has so many options available.

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18.  Genevieve 12:47am, Thu 14th, 2009

One thing that will also suck money away from Google’s adversing revenue is the number of “organic” clicks on the web vs. “paid” clicks is growing tremendously. I think more and more people are turning on to SEO and figuring out how to get better search engine ranking without actually paying for it. This is going to hurt Google monetarily as well.

19.  David Bradley 3:18am, Fri 5th, 2009

At the time of writing, Google had not yet announced Google Waves. Having watched the vids and spent some time explaining what it is to a friend yesterday, I now realize just how powerful it is Waves will be the communication tool of choice very soon. We will have essentially moved into their OS-independent meta-OS within a couple of years. It’s already happened for a lot of people with GMail and GDocs, Waves takes it to the next level.

20.  Gregor 8:54am, Tue 21st, 2009

Re: search, I use Twitter in 2 ways. For real-time, breaking news or info then Twitter is my first port of call. Google is hours behind and can’t compete.

If I’m looking for info into a product then I’ll use a mix of Twitter and Google to get reviews and personal comments about the product.

I don’t see Twitter and Facebook being Google-killers but I do see them pinching some of their market share over time.

One benefit that Google has is that there is no set-up time required. Both Facebook and Twitter require you to add and find friends before you can use it. With Google you just fire up the site and do the search. No registration required. That’s a pretty big benefit that Google has over these other guys.